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Grammar Notes - Mixed and Strong Verbs |
Mixed Verbs
Mixed Verbs act the same as Regular Verbs (Verbs which follow the rules), except that there are Stem changes. Consider these examples and collect some more of your own:
Verb Tense to think denken to send senden Present he thinks er denkt he sends er sendet Present Perfect he has thought er hat gedacht he has sent er hat gesandt Past he thought er dachte he sent er sandte Past Perfect he had thought er hatte gedacht he had sent er hatte gesandt Future he will think er wird denken he will send er wird senden Future Perfect he will have thought er wird gedacht haben he will have sent er wird gesandt haben Conditional 1 he would think er würde denken he would send er würde senden Conditional 2 he would have thought er hätte gedacht he would have sent er hätte gesandt
Strong Verbs
Strong Verbs change their endings as well as the Stem, so key parts of the Verb have to be learned by heart.You'll probably not find this too difficult, though, as Strong Verbs occur quite often!
Collect English and German Verbs which follow the same pattern, eg:
swim, swam, swum schwimmen, schwamm, geschwommen sing, sang, sung singen, sang, gesungen do, did, done tun, tat, getan drive, drove, driven fahren, fuhr, gefahren Learn the Stem and ending changes for er/sie/es/man - the other forms all use the same Stem change.
Create your own Verb table
German Strong and Mixed Verbs are usually listed in the dictionary. You'll find information on Stem and ending changes, and whether to use haben or sein as an auxiliary.
Here is an example how you could use a dictionary to create your own working table:
Infinitive Present Past Perfect Imperative sein er ist er war er ist gewesen Sei! Seien Sie!
haben er hat er hatte er hat gehabt Hab! Haben Sie!
kommen er kommt er kam er ist gekommen Komm! Kommen Sie!
gehen er geht er ging er ist gegangen Geh! Gehen Sie!
werden er wird er wurde er ist geworden Werd! Werden Sie!
senden (mixed) er sendet er sandte er hat gesandt Sende! Senden Sie!
bringen (mixed) er bringt er brachte er hat gebracht Bring! Bringen Sie!
Test yourself!
In respect of the above sections, try the following:
- Print out the table for the grammar point you are working on and fold it into 2 vertically. You will then be able to check your recall of the English and German examples by folding and unfolding the paper.
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